Epilepsy and Psychiatric Disorders

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Although several studies have documented a strong association between epilepsy and some psychiatric comorbidities, either before or DÑ–er the diagnosis of epilepsy, depression and other disorders remain under diagnosed and undertreated in People With Epilepsy (PWE). According to epidemiological data, 25-48% of PWE suوٴer from mood disorders, and 14-31% from anxiety. Moreover, depression represents one of the most common psychiatric disorders in PWE, with a point prevalence ranging from 12-37% in community settings. In clinical studies, depressive symptoms in epilepsy have been associated with several variables such as poor seizure control, duration of epilepsy, having complex partial seizures or temporal lobe epilepsy, unemployment and the use of antiepileptic polytherapy. Recent reports have suggested a bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and depression. Both conditions are episodic and may involve common pathogenic mechanisms. Indeed, epilepsy can lead to depression through its speciÙ½c psychosocial consequences such as poor patient acceptance of his epilepsy, stigma and anticipatory anxiety associated with the unpredictable occurrence of seizures. On the other hand, Depressive symptoms in epilepsy impair patients’ health-related Quality Of Life (QOL) and may Dوٴect the clinical course of epilepsy. Otherwise, a high suicide rate among PWE has been documented; the percentage of deaths by suicide ranges from 1% to 33% with an overall average of about 11.5%. Chang et al. have demonstrated that the relation between epilepsy and psychosis is also bidirectional; the prevalence of interictal psychosis in epilepsy being estimated at 19.4% in generalized epilepsy and 15.2% in temporal lobe epilepsy